Traumatic Injuries, Death, and Funeral Treatment of Andrea Fortebracci da Montone (1368-1424) in the Writings of Ancient Chroniclers

Abstract

Braccio da Montone, a celebrated mercenary leader, died on June 5, 1424, after being wounded in a battle near Aquila. Born in 1368, Braccio’s early military career began when his family was exiled from Perugia. He served under notable leaders, seizing key cities including Rome and Bologna. After death, Braccio's remains were disposed of in Rome and transferred to Perugia in 1432. Historical accounts of his injuries vary. A biography describes multiple wounds, and the captain’s eventual refusal of medical care. Other chronicles provide additional details about his final moments and the funeral treatment of his body. Recent examinations of Braccio’s bones revealed traumatic injuries consistent with these historical accounts. Despite discrepancies between historical records, these findings confirm that Braccio’s injuries were severe and likely led to paralysis before death. A skull wound likely caused by a war hammer may have contributed to his death.