Protezionismo, libero scambio e commercio preferenziale: l'esperienza messicana tra il 1970 e il 2005
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13133/2037-3651/10396Parole chiave:
Protezionismo, libero scambio, commercio preferenziale, messico, 1970, 2005Abstract
This paper is an analysis of trade policies in Mexico. A structural analysis of the Mexican economy's performance in three successive but different periods, regarding trade policies for the last thirty-five years, is presented. Results are confronted with expectations from various trade policies. There are two main conclusions: first, those extreme free-trade policies have not been good for economic stability, growth and employment creation in Mexico; and second, that specialization in production and trade occurs in non labour- intensive sectors in Mexico, in opposition to what is expected according to the Heckscher-Ohlin theorem, under free trade conditions.
JEL Codes: D57; F43; L60; O54
Riferimenti bibliografici
AROCHE F. e I. RUPRA (1991), "Comercio y empleo: el caso mexicano", Investigacion Economica, vol. L, no. 195, pp. 21-42.
ARROW K. e T. SCITOVSKY (1969), Readings in Welfare Economics, Irwin, Homewood.
BLECKER R.A. (2006), "Macroeconomic and structural constraints on export-led growth in Mexico", contributo non pubblicato preparato per la 2006 LASA Conference, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Center for North American Studies, American University, Washington.
BULMER-THOMAS V. (1982), Input-Output Analysis in Developing Countries, Sources, Methods and Applications, John Wiley Et Sons, London.
BOATLER R.W. (1974), "Las predicciones de la teoria del comercio internacional y el crecimiento de las exportaciones manufacturadas de México" , El Trimestre Economico, vol. XLI, no. 164, pp. 811-41.
CASAR J.I. (1989), Transformacion en el patron de especializacion y comercio exterior del sector manufacturero mexicano 1978-1987, lnstituto Latinoamericano de Estudios Transnacionales ILET, Nacional Financiera, México.
CASARES E.R. e H. SOBARZO (2004), Diez anos del TLCAN en México: una perspectiva anaHtica, Fondo de Cultura Economica, México.
CHANG H.-J. (2002), Kicking Away the Ladder Development Strategy in Historical Perspective, Anthem Press, London.
CLAVIJO F. e S. VALDNIESO (1983), "La creacion de empleos mediante el comercio exterior, el caso de México", El Trimestre Economico, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 873-916.
CORDEN W.M. (1974), Trade Policy and Economic Welfare, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
CORNELIUS W. (2002), "Impacts of NAFTA on Mexico-to-US Migration", in E.J. Chambers and P. Smith eds, NAFTA in the New Millennium, The University of Alberta Press/Center for US-Mexican Studies, La Jolla, San Diego, pp. 287-304.
CORNWALL J. (1977), Modern Capitalism: Its Growth and Transformation, St. Martin's Press, New York.
COX A. e S. EDWARDs (1997), "Trade liberalization and unemployment: policy issues and evidence from Chile", in J. Borkakoti and Ch. Milner eds, International Trade and Labour Markets, St. Martin's Press, New York, pp. 8-43.
DAVIDSON P. (1997), "The General Theory in an open economy context", in G. Hartcourt and P.A. Riach eds, A 'second edition' of The General Theory, vol. 2, Routledge, London, pp. 102-30.
DERVIS K., J. DE MELO e S. ROBINSON (1982), General Equilibrium Models for Development Policy, The World Bank Research Publications, Washington.
DOWRICK S. (1997), "Trade and growth: a survey", in J. Fagerberg et al. eds, Technology and International Trade, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 107-26.
FISCHER S. (2001), "Exchange rate regimes: is the bipolar view correct?", Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 3-24.
HELLER R.H. (1973), International Trade Theory and Empirical Evidence, 2"" ed., Prentice Hall, Hemel Hempstead.
KALDOR N. (1939), "Welfare economics propositions and interpersonal comparisons of utility", The Economic Journal, vol. 49, no. 195, pp. 549-52.
KALECKI M. (1946), "Multilateralism and full employment" , The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 322-27.
KINDLEBERGER C.P. (1973), International Economics, 5th ed., Irwin, Homewood.
KRUEGER A. (1983), Exchange Rate Determination, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
KRUGMAN P.R. (1979), "Increasing returns monopolistic competition and international trade", Journal of International Economics, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 469-79.
KRUGMAN P.R. (1981), "Intraindustry specialization and the gains from trade", Journal of Political Economy, vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 959-73.
KRUGMAN P. e M. OBSTFELD (2005), International Economics: Theory and Policy, Addison Wesley Pearson, New York.
LAYARD P.G.R. e A. WALTERS (1978), Microeconomic Theory, McGraw-Hill, New York.
LEVY S. (1981), "Foreign trade and its impact on employment. The Mexican case", Journal of Development Economics, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 47-65.
LUSTIG N. (1992), "Tipo de cambio, proteccion efectiva y exportaciones manufactureras. México 1983-1987", Investigacion Economica, vol. LI, no. 200, pp. 75-109.
MARKUSEN J.R., J.R. MELVIN, W.H. KAEMPFER e K.E. MASKUS (1995), International Trade Theory and Evidence, McGraw-Hill, New York.
METCALFE J.S. e I. STEEDMAN (1972), "Reswitching and primary input use", The Economic Journal, vol. 82, no. 325, pp. 140-57.
MORENO-BRID J.C., E. PÉREZ CALDENTEY e P. RUIZ-NAPOLES (2004-05), "The Washington Consensus: a Latin American perspective fifteen years later", Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 345-65.
MORENO-BRID J.C., P. RUIZ-NAPOLES e J.C. RIVAS-VALDIVIA (2005), "NAFTA and the Mexican Economy: a look back on a ten year relation", The North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation, University of North
Carolina, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 997-1023.
OHLIN B. (1933), Interregional and International Trade, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
PARRINELLO S. (1970), "Introduzione ad una teoria neoricardiana di commercio internazionale", Studi Economici, vol. 25, December, pp. 267-321.
PASINETII L. (1977), Lectures on the Theory of Production, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
PUYANA A. e J. ROMERO (2005), Diez alios con el TLCAN. Las experiencias del sector agropecuario mexicano, FLACSO-El Colegio de México, México.
ROBINSON J. (1946-47), "The pure theory of international trade", The Review of Economic Studies, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 98-112.
RODRIK D. (1995), "Trade strategy, investment and exports': another look at East Asia", NBER Working Paper, no. 5539.
RODRIK D. e R. HAUSMANN (2006), "Doomed to choose: industrial policy as predicament", contributo preparato per il primo Blue Sky Seminar, organizzato dal Center for International Development at Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., settembre.
ROMALIS l. (2005), "NAFTA's and CUSFTA's impact on international trade", NBER Working Paper, no. 11059.
RUIZ-NAPOLES P. (2004), "Exports, growth and employment in Mexico, 1978-2000", Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 105-24.
RUIZ-NAPOLES P. (2001), "Liberalisation, exports and growth in Mexico 1978-1994: a structural analysis", International Review of Applied Economics, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 163-80.
SACHS I.D. (1988), "Politicas comerciales y de tipo de cambio en programas de ajuste orientados al crecimiento", Estudios Economicos, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 77-108.
SAMUELSON P.A (1949), "International factor-price equalisation once again", The Economic Journal, vol. 59, no. 234, pp. 181-97.
SODERNSTEN B. (1970), International Economics, Harper and Row, New York.
STEEDMAN I. (1979), Trade amongst Growing Economics, Cambridge University Press, London, New York and Melbourne.
##submission.downloads##
Fascicolo
Sezione
Licenza
Ogni materiale pubblicato sul sito e gli articoli pubblicati sulla rivista sono distribuiti con Licenza internazionale Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non commerciale - Non opere derivate 4.0. Copia della licenza è disponibile alla URL http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0. Gli autori mantengono i diritti sulla loro opera e cedono alla rivista il diritto di prima pubblicazione dell'opera con la licenza suindicata.
