Integrazione economica internazionale, povertà, standard sociali, diritti umani

Autori

  • F. ONIDA

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13133/2037-3651/11049

Parole chiave:

Import barriers, Social and labour standards, Backwardness, Public aid

Abstract

The use of import barriers against low-cost manufactures by developing countries, as a tool to force them to adopt better social and labor standards, is politically unfeasible and may indeed induce more poverty and backwardness. Similarly these imports barriers as a defence of unskilled workers’ income in rich countries is both ineffective and contrary to a proper path of dynamic comparative advantages. Some public aid conditionally may be helpful in encouraging the adoption of better social standards in recipient countries.

 

 

JEL Codes: F13, O10

 

Riferimenti bibliografici

BARRO R.J. e X. SALA-I-MARTIN (1992), "Convergence", Journal of Political Economy, pp. 232-51.

BHAGWATI J. (1994), "Free trade, old and new challenges", Economie Journal, pp. 231- 45.

BHAGWAT1 J. (1995), "Trade liberalization and 'fair trade' demands: addressing the environmental and labour standard issues", The World Economy, pp. 745-59.

BHAGWATI J. e R.E. HUDEC eds (1996), Fair Trade and Harmonization, Prerequisites for Free Trade?, vol. I - Econornic A nalysis, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

BOONE P. (1996), "Politics and the effectiveness of foreign aid", European Economic Review, pp. 289-329.

BROWN U.K., A. DEARDORFF e R.M. STERN (1996), "International labor standards and trade: a theoretical analysis", in J. Bhagwati e R.E. Hudec eds, ch. 5.

CASELLA A. (1996), "Free trade and evolving standards", in J. Bhagwati e R.E. Hudec eds, ch. 3.

CASTASIEDA J.G. (1996), "Mexico's circle of misery", Foreign Affairs, pp. 92-105.

FIELDS G. (1995), Trade and Labour Standards: a Review of the Issues, OECD, Paris.

FAINI R. (1997), "Armonizzazione dei 'labor standard': un tema controverso", in ICE, Rapporto sul Commercio Estero 1996, Roma.

FONDAZIONE ROBERTO FRANCESCHT, Documenti (1998), Dei diritti dell'uomo, Milano.

GREIDER W. (1997), One World, Ready or Not - The Manic Logic of Global Capitalism, Simon & Schuster, New York.

GARTEN J.E. (1997), The Big Ten - The Big Emerging Markets and How They Will Change Our Lives, Basic Books, New York.

GOLDSMITH J. (1993), The Trap, Macmillan, London.

HUNTINGTON S.P. (1996), The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, Simon & Schuster, New York.

JONES C.I. (1997), "On the evolution of the world income distribution", journal of Economic Perspectives, pp. 19-36.

KAPSTEIN E.B. (1996), "Workers and the world economy", Foreign Affairs, pp. 16-37.

KRUEGER A.B. (1996), "Observations on international labor standards and trade", NBER Working Paper, no. 5632.

LAWRENCE R.Z. (1994), "The impact of trade on OECD labor markets", Group of Thirty, Washington.

LEVI M. (1997), "Armonizzazione dei Labor standards e politiche commerciali", tesi di laurea CLEP (relatore R. Faini), Università Bocconi, Milano.

MASKUS K.E. (1997), "Should core labor standards be imposed through international trade Policy?", World Bank, Development Research Group, Policy Research Working Paper, no. 1817.

OECD (1998), Development Cooperation - 1997 Report - Efforts and Policies of the Members of the Development Assistance Committee, Paris.

PERSSON T. e G. TABELLINI (1996), "Is inequality harmfull for growth? Theory and evidence", American Economic Review, pp. 600-21.

RAWLS J. (1984), Una teoria della giustizia, Feltrinelli, Milano, (titolo originale: A Theory of Justice, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1971).

REICH R.B. (1991), The Work of Nations - Preparing Ourselves for the 21" Century Capitalism, Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

RICHARDSON D.J. (1995), "Income inequality and trade: how to think, what to conclude", Journal of Economic Perspectives, pp. 33-35.

RODRIK D. (1997), Has Globalization Gone Too Far?, Institute for International Economics, Washington.

SAPIR A. (1995), "The interaction between labour standards and international trade policy", The World Economy, pp. 791-803.

SEN A. (1995), "Mortality as an indicator of economic success and failure", Inaugural Lecture, Istituto degli Innocenti, UNICEP, International Child Development Centre, Firenze.

SPAR D.L. (1998), "The spotlight and the bottom line - How multinationals export human rights", Foreign Affairs, pp. 7-12.

SRINIVASAN T.N. (1966), "Trade and human rights, economic growth centre", Yale University Discussion Paper, no. 765.

TURRINt A. (1995), "Social dumping: un falso problema?", Relazioni internazionali, pp. 48-57.

UNDP (UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME) (1997 e 1998), Human Deve-lopment Report, Oxford University Press, New York.

WORLD BANK (1990), World Development Report 1990 (WDR 1990), Poverty, Oxford University Press, New York.

WORLD BANK (1994), The World Bank and the Poorest Countries - Support for Development in the 1990s, Washington.

WORLD BANK (1995), World Development Report 1995 (WDR 1995), Workers in an Integrating World, Oxford University Press, New York.

WORLD BANK (1998), Rethinking Aid - What Works, What Doesn't and Why - Policy Reserch Report, Discussion Draft, June 3.

WORLD BANK (1998), World Bank Atlas, Washington.

WOOD A. (1994), North-South Trade, Oxford University Press, New York.

WOOD A. (1995), "How trade hurt unskilled workers", Journal of Economic Perspectives, pp. 57-80.

##submission.downloads##

Pubblicato

2013-10-26

Fascicolo

Sezione

Articoli