The ongoing weakening of the international financial system

Authors

  • P. GRAY

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13133/2037-3643/10611

Keywords:

Administration of General Economic Programs, Intnl Economic Policy, Exchange rates, global instability

Abstract

A hegemon-by-committee, or a group of nations playing the role of a dominant financial power, is necessary for the international financial system to withstand crises arising from drastic shifts of funds among national currencies, accompanied by large movements of exchange rates. These wide fluctuations in exchange rates and subsequent financial transactions can trigger a collapse of prices in dollar-denominated financial assets in US financial markets, thus undermining the global economy. With no single nation apparently capable of playing the hegemon, international cooperation is imperative. An important theme of the paper is that allocative efficiency may not be compatible with adequate financial stability efficiency.

 

JEL Codes: F31, G28

References

ACHESON, D. (1944), "Statement", Hearings on Post-War Economic Policy and Planning, Special Committee on post-War Policy and Planning, U.S. House of Representatives, 78th Congress, second session, November 30.

COOPER, R.N. (1977), "Worldwide vs. regional integration: is there an optimal size of the integrated area?", in Fritz Machlup ed., Economic Integration: Worldwide, Regional and Sectoral, New York, Halstead.

DAVIDSON, P. (1991), "What international payments scheme would Keynes have suggested for the twenty-first century?", in Paul Davidson and Jan Kregel eds, Economic Problems of the 1990s, Edward Elgar Publishing Company, Cheltenham.

DAVIDSON, P. (1995), "Are grains of sand in the heels of international finance sufficient to do the job when boulders are often required?", mimeo.

EICHENGREEN, B. (1989), "Hegemonic stability theories of the international monetary system", in Richard N. Cooper et al. eds, Can Nations Agree?, The Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.

EICHENGREEN, B. and P.B. KENEN (1944), "Managing the world economy under the Bretton Woods System: an overview", in Peter B. Kenen ed., Managing the World Economy: Fifty Years after Bretton Woods, The Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C., pp. 3-57.

GODLEY, W.(1995), "The U.S. balance of payments, international indebtedness and economic policy", Jerome Levy Institute Public Policy Brief, no. 23.

GRAY, H.P. (1974), An Aggregate Theory of International Payments Adjustment, Macmillan Press, London.

GRAY, H.P. (1990), "A model of depression", Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, September, pp. 269-288.

GRAY, H.P. (1992), "Dangers in the reduction of the U.S. international net worth", The International Trade Journal VI, Summer, pp. 427-442.

GRAY, H.P. (1992), "The burdens of global leadership", in Khosrow Fatemi ed., International Trade in the 21st Century, Pergammon, London.

GRAY, H.P. and J.M. GRAY (1994), "Minskian fragility in the international financial system", in Gary Dymsky and Robert Pollin eds, New Perspectives in Monetary Macroeconomics: Explorations in the Tradition of Hyman P. Minsky, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, pp. 143-168.

GRAY, J.M. and GRAY, H.P. (1981), "The multinational bank: a financial MNC?", Journal of Banking and Finance, 5, March, pp. 33-64.

MACS, J.R. (1946), Value and Capital (rev. ed.), Oxford University Press, London.

KEOHANE, R.O. (1994), "Comment on Eichengreen and Kenen", in Peter B. Kenen ed., Managing the World Economy: Fifty Years after Bretton Woods, The Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C., pp. 58-63.

KEYNES, J.M. (1933), "National self-sufficiency", The Yale Review, XXII, June, pp. 755-769.

KINDLEBERGER, C.P. (1986), "International public goods without international government", American Economic Review, 76, March, pp. 1-13.

KINDLEBERGER, C.P., (1988) The International Economic Order: Essays on Financial Crisis and International Public Goods, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

KUNREUTHER, H. et al. (1978), Disaster Insurance Protection: Public Policy Lessons, Wiley, New York.

LANFELD, J.S. and A.M. LAWSON (1991), "Value of the U.S. net international investment position", Survey of Current Business, 71, May, pp. 40-49.

MILBERG, W.S. and H.P. GRAY (1992), "International competitiveness and policy in dynamic industries", Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, March, pp. 59-80.

MINSKY, H.P. (1986), "Global consequences of financial deregulation", The Marcus Wallenberg Papers on International Finance, 2, no. 1, International Law Institute and School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.

MURPHY, R.T. (1989), "Power without purpose: the crisis of Japan's financial dominance", Harvard Business Review, March-April, pp. 71-83.

ROBINSON, J. (1966), The New Mercantilism, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

SCHLESINGER, J.R. (1988), "Domestic policies and international capital flows", in Martin Feldstein ed., The United States and the World Economy, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 644-654.

SCHOLL,, R.B. (1990), "International investment position: component detail for 1989", Survey of Current Business, June, pp. 54-65.

SIMON, H.A. (1978), "Rationality as process and as product of thought", American Economic Review, 68, May, pp. 1-16.

STIDGA, A.J. (1986), "If America won't lead", Foreign Policy, no. 64, pp. 79-97.

TEW, B. (1958), International Monetary Co-operation, 1945-56, Hutchinson, London.

TINBERGEN, J. (1970), On the Theory of Economic Policy, North Holland, Amsterdam.

TOBIN, J. (1978), "A proposal for international monetary reform", Eastern Economic Journal, 4, January-March, pp. 153-159.

TRIFFIN, R. (1961), Gold and the Dollar Crisis, Yale University Press, New Haven.

TRIFFIN, R. (1987), "The IMS (International Monetary System ... or Scandal?) and the EMS (European Monetary System), Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, September, pp. 239-261.

TVERSICY, A. and D. KAHNEMAN (1982), "Judgement under uncertainty. Heuristics and Biases", in D. Kahneman, P. Slovic and A. Tversky eds, Judgement under Certainty: Heuristics and Biaeses, Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 3-22.

WALLACE, N. (1990), "Why markets in foreign exchange are different from other markets", Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review, Winter, pp. 12-17.

Downloads

Published

2013-10-20

How to Cite

GRAY, P. (2013). The ongoing weakening of the international financial system. PSL Quarterly Review, 49(197). https://doi.org/10.13133/2037-3643/10611

Issue

Section

Editorial