Economic complexity and international trade: A case study on the State of Goiás (2010-2019)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.13133/2037-3643/18916Keywords:
economic complexity, international trade, concentration index, trade agreements, GoiásAbstract
This paper aims to explore the relationship between economic complexity and the productive structure of Goiás, Brazil, particularly in the context of environmental issues within international trade agreements. To this end, the export agenda of Goiás was analysed using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index to assess the concentration of exports by partners and products. Through the collection of statistical data on the Goiás economy for the calculation of concentration indicators, it is revealed that Goiás’ production structure is concentrated in primary products and mining and it has just a few trade partners, exacerbating its vulnerability to evolving environmental challenges and international regulations. This scenario demands a transition towards low-carbon practices and more sustainable technologies while preserving native vegetation and its ecosystem services. For large commodity producers like Goiás, this necessitates continuous diversification and sophistication of the productive structure to enhance economic complexity.
References
Agarwala A.N. (with Singh S.P.) ([1969] 2010), A economia do subdesenvolvimento, Rio de Janeiro: Contraponto.
Alves L.B., Vianna P.J.B and Costa R.R. (eds.) (2023), Produto Interno Bruto Do Estado de Goiás 2021, Goiânia-GO: Instituto Mauro Borges de Estatísticas e Estudos Socioeconômicos (IMB). Available online.
Archibugi D. and Coco A. (2004), “A New Indicator of Technological Capabilities for Developed and Developing Countries (ArCo)”, World Development, 32(4), pp. 629-654.
Arrow K.J. (1962), “The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing”, The Review of Economic Studies, 29(3), pp. 155-173.
Berger S. (ed.) (2009), The foundations of non-equilibrium economics: The principle of circular and cumulative causation. Abingdon (UK): Routledge.
Brazil’s NDC – Nationally Determined Contribution (2024), National determination to contribute and transform. Available online.
Castro J.D.B., Nogueira J.M. and Castro M.C.G. (2019), Mudanças climáticas, valoração e percepção: Um estudo para o RIDE/DF, Anápolis/GO e Entorno, Curitiba: Editora CRV.
Cavallo E.A., De Gregorio J. and Loayza N.V. (2008), “Output Volatility and Openness to Trade: A Reassessment [with Comments]”, Economía, 9(1), pp. 105-152.
Dauvergne P. and Lister J. (2011), Timber, Cambridge (UK): Polity Press.
Dávila-Fernández M.J., Oreiro J.L. and Dávila Dávila M.W. (2018), “Endogenizing non-price competitiveness in a BoPC growth model with capital accumulation”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 44(March), pp. 77-87.
European Commission (2021), European Commission Services' Position Paper on the Sustainability Impact Assessment in Support of Negotiations for the Trade Part of the European Union-Mercosur Association Agreement. Available online.
Felipe J., Kumar U., Abdon A. and Bacate M. (2012), “Product complexity and economic development”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 23(1), pp. 36-68.
Freeman C. (1987), Technology, policy, and economic performance: Lessons from Japan, London: Pinter Publishers.
Gabriel L.F., Jayme F.G. and Oreiro J.L. (2016), “A North-South Model of Economic Growth, Technological Gap, Structural Change and Real Exchange Rate”, Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 38, pp. 83-94.
Guarini G. and Oreiro J.L. (2022), “An ecological view of New Developmentalism: A proposal of integration”, Brazilian Journal of Political Economy, 42(1), pp. 244-255.
Hausmann R. and Hidalgo C.A. (2011), “The network structure of economic output”, Journal of Economic Growth, 16(4), pp. 309-342.
Hausmann R., Hidalgo C.A., Bustos S., Coscia M., Simoes A. and Yildirim M.A. (2013), The atlas of economic complexity: Mapping paths to prosperity (R. Hausmann, Ed.; Updated edition), Cambridge (MA, USA): The MIT Press.
Hidalgo C.A. (2021), “Economic complexity theory and applications”, Nature Reviews Physics, 3(2), pp. 92-113.
Hidalgo C.A. and Hausmann R. (2009), “The building blocks of economic complexity”, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(26), pp. 10570–10575.
Hidalgo C.A., Klinger B., Barabási A.-L. and Hausmann R. (2007), “The Product Space Conditions the Development of Nations”, Science, 317(5837), pp. 482-487.
Hirschman A.O. ([1945] 2018), National power and the structure of foreign trade (Reprint), Berkeley: University of California Press.
Hoch E., Simon L., Pinto Zambrano P., Carra S. and Armelin M. (2023, June), O Regulamento da União Europeia para Produtos Livres de Desmatamento (EUDR): Informações para Grupos de Interesse no Brasil, Climate and Company e Amigos da Terra – Amazônia Brasileira. Available online.
Jones C.I. and Vollarth D. (2015), Introdução à Teoria do Crescimento Econômico, Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
Kaldor N. (1957), “A Model of Economic Growth”, The Economic Journal, 67(268), pp. 591-624.
Kaldor N. (1970), “The Case for Regional Policies”, Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 17(3), pp. 337-348.
Kettunen M., Bodin E., Davey E., Gionfra S. and Charveriat C. (2020), An EU Green Deal for Trade Policy and the Environment: Aligning Trade with Climate and Sustainable Development Objectives, Brussels/London: IEEP – Institute for European Environmental Policy. Available online.
Krugman P. (1991), Geography and trade, Leuven: Leuven University Press.
Lall S., Weiss J. and Zhang J. (2006), “The ‘sophistication’ of exports: A new trade measure”, World Development, 34(2), pp. 222-237.
Lapatinas A., Garas A., Boleti E. and Kyriakou A. (2019), “Economic complexity and environmental performance: Evidence from a world sample”, MPRA Paper, no. 92833, Munich: Munich Personal RePEc Archive. Available online.
Lee D. and Zhang H. (2019), Export diversification in low-income countries and small states: Do country size and income level matter?, Washington (DC): International Monetary Fund.
Lundvall B.-Å. (1992), National systems of innovation: Towards a theory of innovation and interactive learning, London: Pinter.
MapBiomas (2020), Brazil Annual Deforestation Report. Available online.
MapBiomas (2021), Brazil Annual Deforestation Report. Available online.
MCTI – Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovações (2021), Quarta Comunicação Nacional do Brasil à Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima, Brasília: MCTI. Available online.
MDIC – Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria, Comércio e Serviços (2022), Comex Stat, Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria, Comércio e Serviços. Available online.
Mealy P. and Teytelboym A. (2022), “Economic complexity and the green economy”, Research Policy, 51(8), art. 103948.
Mercosur-European Union Free Trade Agreement (2019). Available online.
Mueller B. (2021), “Where’d you get that idea? Determinants of creativity and impact in popular music”, EconomiA, 22(1), pp. 38-52.
Mueller C.C. (2012), Os economistas e as relações entre o sistema econômico e o meio ambiente, Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília.
Neagu O. and Teodoru M. (2019), “The Relationship between Economic Complexity, Energy Consumption Structure and Greenhouse Gas Emission: Heterogeneous Panel Evidence from the EU Countries”, Sustainability, 11(2), art. 497. Available online.
Nelson R.R. and Rosenberg N. (1993), “Technical innovation and national systems”, in Nelson R.R. (ed.), National innovation systems: A comparative analysis (pp. 3-22), Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Nissen A. (2022), “Not That Assertive: The EU’s Take on Enforcement of Labour Obligations in Its Free Trade Agreement with South Korea”, European Journal of International Law, 33(2), pp. 607-630.
OECD/FAO (2023), OECD-FAO agricultural outlook 2023-2032, Paris: OECD Publishing. Available online.
Rodrigues O. (2009), O estruturalismo latino-americano. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira.
Romero J.P. and Gramkow C. (2021), “Economic complexity and greenhouse gas emissions”, World Development, 139, art. 105317.
Silveira F., Romero J.P., Freitas E., Queiroz A. and Stein A. (2023), “Complexidade Econômica e Desmatamento na Amazônia Brasileira”, MADE: Centro de Pesquisa Em Macroeconomia Das Desigualdades Working Paper, no. 16. Available online.
Sterner T. and Coria J. (2012), Policy instruments for environmental and natural resource management, 2nd edition, New York and London: RFF Press.
Teixeira D.M. da C., Ferreira Filho H.L. and Oreiro J.L. da C. (2023), “Environmental Sustainability and the Economic Complexity: Policy Implications for a New Developmentalism Strategy”, PKES Working Paper, no. 2312, UK. Available online.
Thirlwall A. (1979), “The Balance of Payments Constraint as an Explanation of International Growth Rate Differences”, BNL Quarterly Review, 32(128), pp. 45-53.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 José Luis Oreiro, Daniel Moura Teixeira da Costa, Helder Lara Ferreira-Filho, João Pedro Heringer Machado, Luciano Pereira da Silva
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
