Rediscovery of the enigmatic Madagascan endemic Belohina inexpectata Paulian, 1958, with notes on its morphology and phylogenetic position (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Belohinidae)

Abstract

Belohina inexpectata Paulian, 1958, the only known representative of Belohinidae (Coleoptera Scarabaeoidea) and a Madagascan endemic, is re-described based on recently collected material. Some remarks are provided on its unusual morphology and in particular its mouthparts, with recessed mandibles and membranous epipharynx, its antennae with a V-shaped sensory area and its capsule-like aedeagus, with a regular, unrotated position at rest and the presence of “parameroids”. Data on its life history are also provided, including evidence of stridulation. Finally, its phylogenetic position is briefly discussed based on a molecular analysis, which points towards a sister-group relationship with the genus Orubesa (Dynamopodidae) and with both taxa together being sister to Hybosoridae.