Advanced numerical modelling of earthflow dynamics: application of the material point method (MPM) to the montaguto case study

Abstract

This study addresses the modelling of Apennine earthflows, which threaten infrastructures due to their complex kinematics characterized by alternating rapid and slow phases. Since traditional numerical methods (e.g. FEM) are not suitable to simulate the landslide behavior at large strains, this research applies the Material Point Method (MPM) to the Montaguto earthflow in Southern Italy. Focusing on the 2006-2010 reactivation, a 2D MPM model successfully simulated the two- phase soil behavior and the crucial role of excess pore pressures. The numerical results are consistent with the displacement and pore pressure trends recorded by the monitoring system installed in the landslide area. The findings demonstrate that MPM is a robust tool, superior to classical numerical methods for simulating the full life cycle of earthflows, thereby significantly enhancing the assessment of large mobility landslide hazard and the design of mitigation strategies.